According to the encoding specificity principle, what will be the most effective retrieval cues?

The encoding specificity principle posits that memories are most effectively retrieved when the conditions present during encoding match those during retrieval. This means that the associations created at the time a memory is formed—such as specific details, emotions, or environmental contexts—serve as powerful cues for recall. When someone is faced with a retrieval task, if they can tap into the same cues that were present during the original encoding, they are more likely to successfully access the stored information.

While chunking of information can aid in encoding and remembering data by organizing it into manageable units, it doesn't directly relate to the principle of retrieval cues as outlined in the encoding specificity principle. Contextual rehearsal focuses on practicing in the same context as the original learning but does not provide direct associations formed during encoding, making it less effective compared to specific associations. External cues alone do not inherently guarantee a match with the encoding context, which is fundamental to the effectiveness of retrieval in this principle.