What is the term for a predisposition to interpret visual stimuli in a specific way based on preconceptions?

The term that refers to a predisposition to interpret visual stimuli in a specific way based on preconceptions is perceptual set. This concept encompasses how expectations, experiences, and cultural backgrounds can influence the way we perceive and interpret what we see. Understanding perceptual set is essential in psychology as it highlights the active role our minds play in interpreting sensory information, guiding our attention to certain aspects while potentially overlooking others.

For example, if someone is aware of a specific context or has prior knowledge about a subject, they are likely to perceive related visual stimuli in a way that aligns with their expectations. This means that perceptual set can significantly shape our perceptions, making it a critical consideration in studies of perception and cognition.

Other terms like perceptual constancy, visual adaptation, and depth cues relate to different aspects of perception and visual processing but do not specifically address the influence of preconceptions and expectations in interpreting stimuli, which is the core of the concept of perceptual set.