What theory suggests that groups are part of our identity and self-esteem?

The theory that indicates groups are integral to our identity and self-esteem is Social Identity Theory. This theory, developed by Henri Tajfel and John Turner, posits that a significant part of an individual's self-concept is derived from their membership in social groups. It emphasizes how belonging to certain groups (such as social, ethnic, or professional groups) influences individuals’ perceptions of themselves and their self-worth.

According to Social Identity Theory, individuals categorize themselves and others into groups, which helps to establish a sense of belonging and connection. The positive or negative feelings about the self can stem from the perceived status and social dynamics of these groups. When people identify strongly with a group, they are likely to experience an increase in self-esteem when the group is viewed positively by themselves or others. Conversely, negative perceptions of one’s group (in-group) can lead to diminished self-esteem.

The other theories, while related to social behavior and self-perception, do not directly emphasize the role of group identity in the same way. Social Comparison Theory focuses on how individuals evaluate themselves in relation to others, Cognitive Dissonance Theory addresses the discomfort of holding conflicting beliefs, and Attribution Theory examines how people explain the causes of their own and others’ behaviors. None of these