Which of the following describes mental processing involving problem-solving and comprehension?

The correct answer, which describes mental processing involving problem-solving and comprehension, is working memory. Working memory refers to a cognitive system that actively holds and manipulates information needed in the moment for tasks such as reasoning, learning, and comprehension. It involves the temporary storage and processing of information, which is essential for problem-solving activities where individuals must hold relevant details in their mind while working through a solution. This capacity allows for the integration of new information with existing knowledge, enabling effective decision-making.

Other types of memory, like long-term memory, primarily serve as storage for information over extended periods, rather than actively processing information in the moment. Sensory memory primarily focuses on briefly holding sensory information right after it has been perceived, which doesn't involve active processing for problem-solving. Procedural memory relates to the knowledge of how to perform tasks and skills, but it is not directly associated with active reasoning or comprehension processes typically seen in problem-solving situations.