Which term encompasses the physical characteristics related to an individual's reproductive organs?

The term that encompasses the physical characteristics related to an individual's reproductive organs is sex. This refers specifically to the biological attributes that differentiate male and female bodies, including chromosomes, hormone levels, and reproductive/sexual anatomy.

Understanding the distinction between sex and other concepts like gender identity (which relates to how individuals perceive themselves and what they call themselves), gender schema (which is a cognitive framework that organizes information related to gender), and gender roles (which pertain to societal expectations and behaviors considered appropriate for men and women) highlights why sex is the correct choice. The focus on physical characteristics further reinforces sex as the correct term in this context.