Which treatment method uses classical conditioning to create an unwanted response in order to reduce an undesired behavior?

Aversion therapy is a treatment method that employs classical conditioning to elicit an unwanted response to a stimulus that is associated with an undesired behavior. In this type of therapy, an individual learns to associate the negative response with the behavior they wish to change. For example, if someone has a compulsive habit such as smoking, aversion therapy might include pairing the act of smoking with an unpleasant taste or sensation. The goal is to create a strong aversive reaction that discourages the person from engaging in the unwanted behavior.

The other treatment methods do not specifically use this classical conditioning approach. Exposure therapy focuses on reducing anxiety responses by gradually and systematically exposing a person to the feared object or situation without any negative consequences. Behavior modification involves the application of reinforcement principles to encourage desirable behaviors and discourage unwanted ones, but it doesn't necessarily create an unwanted response. Cognitive therapy targets dysfunctional thoughts and beliefs to change behaviors, rather than directly associating negative reactions with those behaviors.