Which type of memory formation leads to a lasting memory representation?

Consolidation is the process that transforms newly acquired information into a stable and durable memory representation. After information is encoded, it undergoes consolidation, which occurs during a period of time following learning, allowing for the strengthening and stabilization of neural connections associated with that information. This process can involve various factors, including sleep, which plays a critical role in enhancing memory retention.

Rehearsal may aid in keeping information active in working memory, but it does not in itself ensure a lasting memory. Encoding refers to the initial process of getting information into memory but does not guarantee that the memory will persist. Recalling refers to retrieving stored information, rather than forming or strengthening the memory itself. Therefore, consolidation is fundamental to establishing long-lasting memories.