Which type of punishment is intended to reduce the likelihood of a behavior recurring?

The correct answer is that positive punishment is intended to reduce the likelihood of a behavior recurring. Positive punishment involves presenting an unfavorable outcome or event following an undesirable behavior. This technique relies on the idea that the addition of an unpleasant stimulus will decrease the likelihood of the behavior being repeated in the future.

For example, if a student receives extra chores for being late to class, the intention is to discourage tardiness through the adverse consequence of additional responsibilities.

In contrast, negative reinforcement involves the removal of an unpleasant stimulus to increase the frequency of a desired behavior, which does not address the concept of punishment. Effective punishment is a term that could imply broader contexts beyond just the method of reducing behavior, and logical consequence refers to consequences that are directly related to the behavior but may not necessarily involve punishment in the traditional sense.