Which type of research design allows researchers to analyze the same subjects across different time points?

A longitudinal study is characterized by its ability to track the same subjects over an extended period, allowing researchers to observe changes and developments in behavior, attitudes, or other variables over time. This type of research design is especially valuable when investigating developmental trends, long-term effects of interventions, or the progression of psychological phenomena.

By repeatedly measuring the same participants at various stages, researchers can identify patterns, correlations, and causations that may not be evident in studies that only capture data at a single point in time. In contrast, other research designs, such as case studies, cross-sectional studies, or experimental designs, do not share this continuous observation characteristic, typically focusing on one-time assessments or comparing different groups rather than the same individuals over time.